| Term |
Definition |
| Anther |
The upper portion of the stamen; contains the pollen sacs |
| Apical Meristem |
Cells which did not mature at the tip of shoots and roots producing the hormone auxin |
| Antique Rose |
A term referring to old roses starting from 1900s |
| Attar of roses |
A volatile fragrant oil obtained from fresh roses by steam distillation |
| Auricle |
The "earlike" project on the tip of the stipule |
| Auxin |
The hormone regulating the bloom cycle |
| Axil |
Angle on upper side where the leaf joins the stem |
| Axillary |
Any bud or branch in the axil of a leaf; these grow following pruning |
| Balling |
When a rose cannot bloom because of moisture keeping petals stuck together |
| Bareroot |
Bare root is whereby a plant is dug out, in order to put it into a dormant state by which it has had all of the soil removed from their roots. |
| Bark |
Outer layer of the cane of a rose |
| Bicolor |
Rose bloom with two distinct colors |
| Blackspot |
Any of several fungous diseases of plants that produce small black spots on the plant |
| Bud |
Embryonic shoot that will produce either flowers or foliage, a partially opened flower or a swelling on a plant stem consisting of overlapping immature leaves or petals |
| Bud union |
Area between the roots and stems where the bud of a different plant has been grafted onto the rootstock |
| Bract |
A leaf that is usually smaller or shaped differently than others on the plant, growing under the peduncle just below the flower. |
| Term |
Definition |
| Calyx |
First is a series of flower parts which grow from the peduncle, made of sepals, usually green and leaf-like |
| Cane |
Stem of the rose, either the main stem (sometimes called the trunk) or lateral stems and branches |
| Carpel |
An organ which holds the ovules along its margins, part of the compound pistil |
| China |
Class of cultivated roses from China |
| Climbing rose |
A rose bush that will climb with support |
| Cluster-flowered rose |
An European name for what the U.S.A. calls floribundas |
| Corolla |
Second series of flower parts growing from the peduncle, composed of petal |
| Corymb |
Flat-topped or convex inflorescence in which the individual flower stalks grow upward from various points on the main stem to approximately the same height; outer flowers open first |
| Cultivar |
A variety of a plant developed from a natural species and maintained under cultivation |
| Deadheading |
Remove dead flowers from a plant in order to encourage the growth of new ones and just a light trim produces better results. |
| Double degrees of fullness |
Refers to the number of petals on a bloom, normally agreed to being over 40+ |
| Drainage |
An essential for rose's roots, the soil must be able to keep water off the roots |
| Epsom Salts |
Magnesium Sulfate. Many rose growers use 1/4 to 1/2 cups per plant |
| Filament |
Stalk of the stamen supporting the anther |
| Floral tube |
Cup-like structure formed by fusion of the basal parts of the sepals, petals and stamens |
| Floribunda |
A class of roses whic have blooms in clusters |
| Fruit |
Ripe ovary containing seeds and any adjacent parts |
| Fungicide |
Any agent that destroys or prevents the growth of fungi |
| Genus |
Roses are a part of the genus 'Rosa'. Name given to a group of similar plants |
| Grafted |
Cause to grow together parts from different plants |
| Groundcover rose |
A group of roses that lay down and can be used for groundcover |
| Hip |
Fruit of the rose containing the seeds |
| Hybrid |
An organism that is the offspring of genetically dissimilar parents or stock; especially offspring produced by breeding plants or animals of different varieties or breeds or species |
| Hybrid Tea |
A modern class of rose |
| Imbricated |
especially of leaves or bracts; overlapping or layered as scales or shingles |
| Layering |
A method of propagation. A limb placed under soil to produce new plant |
| Leaf |
Organ that arises laterally from a shoot apex. Usually flat; may be simple or compound |
|
Leaf scar |
The mark left on the stem when the leaf detaches, above each of these is a bud |
| Term |
Definition |
| Miniature rose |
A class of roses originally decended from China roses |
| Mixed buds |
Those that produce both leaves and flowers; usual type of bud on rose; present in leaf axils |
| Modern roses |
Classes of roses that originated in or after 1867 |
| Obovate |
Mainly of a leaf shape, egg-shaped with the narrower end at the base |
| Ovary |
Swollen basal portion of the pistil containing the ovules or the seeds |
| Ovate |
Of a leaf shape; egg-shaped with the broader end at the base |
| Ovule |
Structure containing the embryo sac, nucellus, integuments and stalk. Following fertilization this develops into seeds |
| Peduncle |
Main cane of a spray or an individual flower |
| Pedicel |
Stem of an individual flower in a spray |
| Perianth |
Collective term for the calyx and corolla (sepals and petals) combined |
| Petal |
One of the units of the corolla of the flower. Roses have from four to more than 100 petals, depending on the variety |
| Petiole |
Stalk of the leaf |
|
Petiolul |
Subdivision of petiole connecting the lateral leaflets to the petiole |
| pH |
Ideal pH for roses is 6.5 |
| Pinnate |
Of a leaf shape, featherlike; having leaflets on each side of a common axis |
| Pistil |
Central organ of flower made of one or more carpels; enclosing the ovule |
| Pith |
Soft inner portion of stem |
| Pollen |
Granules within pollen sacs which contain genetic information used for sexual reproduction |
| Polyantha |
Class of roses derived by Jean Baptiste Guillot |
| Powdery Mildew |
Any of various fungi of the genus Erysiphe producing powdery conidia on the rose surface |
| Prickle |
Spine-like superficial outgrowth of the stem; roses technically have prickles, not thorns |
| Receptacle |
Enlarged tip of a stem that bears the floral parts |
| Reflexed |
Of leaves, bent downward and outward more than 90 degrees |
| Remontant |
Roses that bloom more than once a year, repeat blooming |
| Roots |
Underground portions of the rose used for support; absorption and delivery of water and nutrients |
| Rootstock |
Cultivated roots implanted with a bud of another variety; sometimes called grafting |
| Scion |
A shoot or sprout of a plant cut for grafting |
| Semi-double |
Refers to number of petals on bloom -- usually considered to be 12 to 25 in this category |
| Sepal |
One unit of calyx; green coverings of a flower bud which open to reveal petals; roses normally have five sepals |
| Serrate |
Referring to leaf edges, notched like a saw with teeth pointing toward the apex |
| Single |
Refers to number of petals the bloom has, customarily refers to four to eight |
| Spray |
Several flowers' buds arising from one peduncle; develop into many flowers on short pedicels |
| Stamen |
Organ of flower producing pollen, made of anther and filament |
| Stigma |
Top of pistil, the section that receives the pollen grains |
| Stipule |
Leaf appendage usually present in roses on the petiole where it meets the stemStyle Portion of the pistil connecting ovary and stigma |
| Sucker |
A shoot arising from a plant's roots |
| Terminal |
Buds at the end of branches |
| Thorn |
Branch of a plant that becomes woody, hard and pointed; not to be confused with prickles |
| Trunk |
Main stem; the cane that eventually produces all the side branches or lateral canes |
| Umbels |
Flat-topped or rounded inflorescence characteristic of the family Umbelliferae in which the individual flower stalks arise from about the same point; youngest flowers are at the center |
